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 Location of the Garpenberg mine in the Bergslagen mining district.
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 Underground development at Garpenberg North.
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 Development at Garpenberg North reaches the 1000m level.
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 One of the Atlas Copco Rocket Boomer 352S jumbos.
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 Boliden’s Rönnskär smelter.
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 Location of the Laisvall lead mine in north-western Sweden.
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 Boliden makes major efforts to minimise its environmental impact.
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 Schematic of one of the twin-boom, electric-powered Atlas Copco drilling jumbos.
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 An Åkerman mechanised scaler, used to remove loose rock from the mine roof and walls.
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 Stringent water quality controls are needed before water is pumped back into the environment.
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 Lead ingots awaiting shipment from Boliden’s Rönnskär smelter.
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 Lead ingots being forged at Boliden’s Rönnskär smelter.
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 Los Frailes zinc, copper, lead and silver mine is approximately 45km west of Seville in southern Spain, on the south-east edge of the Iberian Pyrite Belt.
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 Los Frailes uses conventional open-pit mining methods to produce ore at a rate of 4Mt/y. Blasted ore is loaded using mining shovels into haul trucks for transport to the primary crusher.
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 The Los Frailes open-pit mine. Los Frailes has a design capacity of 125,000t/y of zinc, 48,000t/y of lead, 4,700t/y of copper and 90.8t/y of silver. Output in both 1998 and 1999 was affected by the mine’s suspension, but had reached around 90% of design capacity by late 1999.
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 Location map of Malmberget iron ore mine.
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 Malmberget at night.
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 Mining process diagram.
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 To move the ore, the Malmberget mine uses Finnish built Sisu Mammut trucks.
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 Bison electric wheel drive loaders, the buckets of which are also made of Hardox 400.
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 All of the ore mined at Malmberget is upgraded to pellets or sinter fines.
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 New loading and servicing facilities for transportation to Lulea.
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 Aerial view of the Main Pit, with adjacent processing plant and office complex.
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 To load and transport waste and chromite from the Main Pit’s five orebodies, the contractor uses Caterpillar backhoe excavators loading 60t and 90t-payload haul trucks.
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 Roxon screens are used in the heavy medium separation plant to sort the crushed ore by size.
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 Cavex classifiers, used in the concentrating plant to handle fine-milled chromite ore before the separation process.
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 Reichert cones separate fine chromite from waste material, recovering about 90% of chromite from the classifier feed.
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 Outokumpu Mintec Beltcon 100 analysers are used to measure the Cr2O3 content of the feed conveyed to the HMS plant and of the final product of the concentrating plant.
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 Located near Gällivare in Norrbotten, northern Sweden, Aitik is one of the largest copper concentrate producers in Europe.
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 The Aitik open pit is scheduled to reach an ultimate depth of 400m in the northern section by 2012.
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 Succesful operation of trucks in Aitik’s Arctic climate requires thorough grading of the haul roads.
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 The two Rammer pedestal-mounted hydraulic breakers reduce large chunks of the difficult-to-blast Aitik ore.
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 Aitik is a major employer in the Galliväre municipality.
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 Location map for Boliden Area Operations.
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 Surface facilities at Kristineberg.
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 The tunnel between the Petiknäs and Renström mines.
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 Possibly the world’s most sophisticated scaling machine, a Jama Mekaniska, in use at Petiknäs.
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 Underground mining equipment at Petiknäs.
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 Swedish-built Gia locomotives haul ore on the 800m level rail system.
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 The Boulby mine, located in north-east England, is one of the world’s major potash producers.
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 The design of the surface facilities was carried out by the architect, Sir Frederick Gibberd.
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 A cross-section through the deposit and overlying strata, showing the aquifers above the potash horizon and the special shaft construction needed.
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 One of the continuous miners underground at Boulby.
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 Stress-relief mining techniques have helped CPL to produce potash from greater depths.
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 Joy shuttle cars are used to move the run-of-mine potash from the continuous miners to the main conveyors.
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 A simplified version of the potash production flowsheet.
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 Kiruna overview.
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 SIAB using Indau 500 raise borers for the vent shaft drilling program.
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 Kimit pump charging explosive at Kiruna.
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 Automatic locomotives are being upgraded to handle 500Mt per train on the new main level.
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 Remote control of trains on the 1045m level from the control centre on the 775m level.
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 Map of the Rhineland lignite basin.
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 Geological section.
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 One of RWE Power's lignite refining plants.
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 Opencast mining equipment at the Hambach operation.
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 Twin high-capacity belt conveyors between the Hambach and Fortuna mine sites.
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 Moving rolls of conveyor belting requires specialist vehicles.
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 One of RWE’s five lignite-fuelled power stations.
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 A reclaimed mining area.
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 The resettled community of Garzweiler, one of several developed by RWE Power.
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 The location of Germany’s hard coal basins.
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 The Ruhr and Saar coalfields, showing the location of active mining areas and areas containing future deep-mine reserves.
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 One of the main hoisting shafts at Prosper-Haniel.
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 An Eickhoff shearer operating on a DSK longwall.
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 Arched development in an underground haulage.
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 One of the man-rider trains used to transport personnel underground at the Niederberg mine
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 An innovative, enclosed circular stockpile provides intermediate storage for part of DSK’s output.
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 State-of-the art headframe at the Göttelborn/Reden mine in the Saar.
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 Tara is located around 50km north west of Dublin, close to the town of Navan.
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 An overview of the surface facilities at Tara.
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 Cross-section through the Tara orebody, showing the mine infrastructure.
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 Installing roof support from a utility vehicle basket.
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 One of the remote-controlled LHDs used extensively at Tara.
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 Two LHDs tipping into an orepass equipped with a hydraulic secondary breaker.
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 Tara’s pioneering environmental programmes have received recognition with an award from the Irish Government.
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 The Zarafshan-Newmont joint venture is situated immediately next to the major primary gold producer, Muruntau, in central Uzbekistan.
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 Construction of the processing plant involved the supply of parts and equipment from different sources worldwide, the US$225 million project being carried out by Bateman.
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 Located in the dry Kyzlkum Desert, the Zarafshan-Newmont recovery plant is optimising gold recovery from the Muruntau resource.
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 One of the radial stacking units supplied to Zarafshan-Newmont by the US firm, Laurel Engineering.
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 The Zinkgruvan mine is located near Akersund on Lake Vattern in central Sweden.
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 Using new Svedala RCS flotation cells has expanded concentrator capacity at Zinkgruvan.
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 The Zinkgruvan mine, 240km west of Stockholm, has been in operation since 1857.
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 A drilling jumbo underground at Zinkgruvan.
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 Zinkgruvan’s first Kiruna Electric truck was this K1050E with 50t payload.
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 In 1995, Zinkgruvan acquired a smaller Kiruna Electric truck, the K635E, for the deepest part of the mine.
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 Both the K1050E and the later K635E haul ore from mining areas below the main haulage level to the underground crusher.
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 Putzmeister seat valve pump HSP pumping slurry over a long distance.
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 Norilsk Nickel has operations at Norilsk in northern Russia and
on the Kola Peninsula.
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 One of the main squares in the city of Norilsk, home to around
300,000 people.
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 Traffic in Norilsk city. Plans are in hand to move around 50,000
people to other areas of Russia where the cost of living is lower.
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 An Atlas Copco Wagner load-haul-dump unit used for ore haulage at
one of the Norilsk mines.
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 An open stope underground at the Taymirskiy operation.
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 Servicing an Atlas Copco drill jumbo underground.
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 The Lower Silesian copper ore field, centred on the town of Lubin in southwestern Poland.
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 An Atlas-Copco production drill rig in one of the underground mines
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 A low-profile drill rig developed specifically for KGHM by Boart-Longyear.
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 A BTZ hydraulic roofbolting rig.
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 KGHM has purchased feeder units for handling run-of-mine ore underground from the US company, Oldenburg Stamler.
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 Surface installations at the Rudna mine.
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 Coiled copper wire rod, produced at KGHM's Cedynia metallurgical plant.
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 Aerial view of the Galmoy surface facilities.
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 The access to the underground workings is through a decline. All of the orebodies are less than 100m below surface.
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 The geology of the Galmoy deposits. The CW orebody was the first to be discovered, with the others found by subsequent exploration.
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 One of Galmoy's Tamrock rockbolting rigs.
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 Run-of-mine ore is stored in the 'teepee' before being reclaimed for milling.
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 Galmoy's concentrator.
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 Loading concentrates into a truck for transport by road to the port at New Ross.
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